Stephen Colbert brings his signature satire and comedy to The Late Show with Stephen Colbert, the #1 show in late night, where he talks with an eclectic mix of guests about what is new and relevant in the worlds of politics, entertainment, business, music, technology and more. [172] By this point in the war, Stephen was depending increasingly on his immediate royal household, such as William of Ypres and others, and lacked the support of the major barons who might have been able to provide him with significant additional forces; after the events of 1141, Stephen made little use of his network of earls. Historian David Crouch suggests that Stephen effectively "bowed out of Wales" around this time to concentrate on his other problems. [82] Stephen formed an army to retake it, but the frictions between his Flemish mercenary forces led by William of Ypres and the local Norman barons resulted in a battle between the two halves of his army. Prince Harry continued his publicity blitz on Tuesday, January 10th, with a good-natured pre-taped appearance on The Late Show with Stephen Colbert! David of Scotland also invaded the north of England once again, announcing that he was supporting the claim of his niece the Empress Matilda to the throne, pushing south into Yorkshire. Posted: March 2nd, 2022 7:29:15 pm EST. Stephen William Hawking CH CBE FRS FRSA (8 January 1942 14 March 2018) was an English theoretical physicist, cosmologist, and author who, at the time of his death, was director of research at the Centre for Theoretical Cosmology at the University of Cambridge. He married Matilda of Boulogne, inheriting additional estates in Kent and Boulogne that made the couple one of the wealthiest in England. [245] Historian and biographer Edmund King, whilst painting a slightly more positive picture than Davis, also concludes that Stephen, while a stoic, pious and genial leader, was also rarely, if ever, his own man, usually relying upon stronger characters such as his brother or wife. [nb 20] The contemporary Anglo-Saxon Chronicle recorded how "there was nothing but disturbance and wickedness and robbery". Biblical: Stephen was the first Christian martyr. [168] Geoffrey gave in, but once free he headed north-east into the Fens to the Isle of Ely, from where he began a military campaign against Cambridge, with the intention of progressing south towards London. [219] Stephen and Henry sealed the treaty with a kiss of peace in the cathedral. As he stepped into a congressional elevator, Santos told reporters he would not resign unless 142 people told him to quit. He's very intelligent and focused, but can also be considered oblivious to something begging to be noticed. It is particularly significant to Christians, as it belonged to Saint Stephen, an early disciple and deacon who, according to the Book of Acts, was stoned to death; he is widely regarded as the first martyr of the Christian Church. Stephen D. Moore III, 33, of Williamsport, was called home by our Heavenly Father on Wednesday, Jan. 4, 2023 at his home. [83] The Norman forces then deserted Stephen, forcing the King to give up his campaign. [120] Another theory is that Stephen released Matilda out of a sense of chivalry; he was certainly known for having a generous, courteous personality and women were not normally expected to be targeted in Anglo-Norman warfare. [174] Miles of Gloucester, one of the most talented Angevin commanders, had died whilst hunting over the previous Christmas, relieving some of the pressure in the west. Henry asserted the Church's right to investigate and judge all charges against members of the clergy. [35] A fresh rebellion broke out in southern Normandy, and Geoffrey and Matilda intervened militarily on behalf of the rebels. Once again, the Angevin cavalry proved too strong, and for a moment it appeared that Stephen might be captured for a second time. Stephen began to examine a negotiated peace, a process hastened by the sudden death of Eustace. (2001) "'Ad tutandos partriae fines': The Defense of Normandy, 1135," in Abels, Richard Philip and Bernard S. Bachrach. Stephen Colbert spotted a weird moment involving Rep. George Santos (R-N.Y.), the newly elected Long Island House member caught in so many lies that his local GOP leaders are calling on him to resign. [18] Stephen was also given lands in Alenon in southern Normandy by Henry, but the local Normans rebelled, seeking assistance from Fulk IV, Count of Anjou. [10] Unusually, Stephen was raised in his mother's household rather than being sent to a close relative; he was taught Latin and riding, and was educated in recent history and Biblical stories by his tutor, William the Norman. [14], Henry became a powerful patron of Stephen, and probably chose to support him because Stephen was part of his extended family and a regional ally, yet not sufficiently wealthy or powerful in his own right to represent a threat to either the King or his heir, William Adelin. Stephen (1092 or 1096 25 October 1154), often referred to as Stephen of Blois, was King of England from 22 December 1135 to his death in 1154. Crouch (2008a), p. 29; King (2010), pp. [165] On this occasion, however, William Martel, Stephen's steward, made a fierce rear guard effort, allowing Stephen to escape from the battlefield. Stephen D. Moore III, 33, of Williamsport, was called home by our Heavenly Father on Wednesday, Jan. 4, 2023 at his home. [233] The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle was past its prime by the time of Stephen but is remembered for its striking account of conditions during "the Anarchy". [223], Certainly many problems remained to be resolved, including re-establishing royal authority over the provinces and resolving the complex issue of which barons should control the contested lands and estates after the long civil war. [171] As with Geoffrey, the moment Ranulf was released he immediately rebelled, but the situation was a stalemate: Stephen had few forces in the north with which to prosecute a fresh campaign, whilst Ranulf lacked the castles to support an attack on Stephen. [229] Stephen probably had three illegitimate sons, Gervase, Abbot of Westminster, Ralph and Americ, by his mistress Damette; Gervase became abbot in 1138, but after his father's death he was removed by Henry in 1157 and died shortly afterwards. [53] Northern England was a disputed territory at this time, with the Scottish kings laying a traditional claim to Cumberland, and David also claiming Northumbria by virtue of his marriage to the daughter of Waltheof, Earl of Northumbria. Other supporters of the Empress were restored in their former strongholds, such as Bishop Nigel of Ely, or received new earldoms in the west of England. WebStephen or Steven is a common English first name. [16] As a third surviving son, even of an influential regional family, Stephen still needed the support of a powerful patron to progress in life. [161] Oxford Castle, however, was a powerful fortress and, rather than storming it, Stephen had to settle down for a long siege, albeit secure in the knowledge that Matilda was now surrounded. WebStephen Announces New Book on Podcast. S tephen as a boys' name is pronounced STEE-ven, STEF-en. [166], In late 1143, Stephen faced a new threat in the east, when Geoffrey de Mandeville, Earl of Essex, rose up in rebellion against him in East Anglia. [133] Stephen returned to London but received news that Ranulf, his brother and their family were relaxing in Lincoln Castle with a minimal guard force, a ripe target for a surprise attack of his own. Adela was one of the major reasons for Stephen-Henry deciding to return to the Levant in 1101; Edmund King notes that she gave her husband "very active encouragement" to return; Stephen's brother William was described by chroniclers as being "deficient in intelligence second rate"; he also took a strange oath in, Contemporary chroniclers varied in their explanation for Stephen's absence from the, There has been extensive speculation as to the cause of the sinking of the. ), king of England from 1135 to 1154. Stephen was one of the seven men chosen to be responsible over the distribution of food to widows in the early church after a dispute arose and the apostles recognized they needed help. [60] Both the kingdom and duchy were dominated by a small number of major barons who owned lands on both sides of the English Channel, with the lesser barons beneath them usually having more localised holdings. [70] The Easter court was a lavish event, and a large amount of money was spent on the event itself, clothes and gifts. Stringer, p. 20; Bradbury, p. 61; Davis, p. 35; Barlow, p. 173; Carpenter, p. 170. [90], Stephen was attacked on several fronts during 1138. WebStephen Announces New Book on Podcast. [21], In 1120, the English political landscape changed dramatically. [80] As part of this deal, Louis recognised Stephen's son Eustace as Duke of Normandy in exchange for Eustace giving fealty to the French King. Rules of succession in western Europe at the time were uncertain; in some parts of France, male primogeniture, in which the eldest son would inherit a title, was becoming more popular. Geoffrey and Matilda were in Anjou, rather awkwardly supporting the rebels in their campaign against the royal army, which included a number of Matilda's supporters such as Robert of Gloucester. He was also "full of Gods grace and power, performed great wonders and signs among the people" (Acts 6:8). [91] A small number of Stephen's household knights were sent north to help the fight against the Scots, where David's forces were defeated later that year at the battle of the Standard in August by the forces of Thurstan, the Archbishop of York. [67] A wide range of nobles gathered at Westminster for the event, including many of the Anglo-Norman barons and most of the higher officials of the church. [92] In 1138, Robert renounced his fealty to Stephen and declared his support for Matilda, triggering a major regional rebellion in Kent and across the south-west of England, although Robert himself remained in Normandy. Stephen was forced to place the castle under siege. 94, 115; Barlow, p. 162. (eds) (2000), Round, John H. (1888) "Danegeld and the Finance of Domesday," in Dove, P. E. (ed) (1888), White, Graeme. He was also "full of Gods grace and power, performed great wonders and signs among the people" (Acts 6:8). [161] Once on the other side, the King and his men stormed into the town, trapping the Empress in the castle. [3] Stephen's mother, Adela, was the daughter of William the Conqueror and Matilda of Flanders, famous amongst her contemporaries for her piety, wealth and political talent. [74], Troubles continued across Stephen's kingdom. [218] Stephen announced the Treaty of Winchester in Winchester Cathedral: he recognised Henry FitzEmpress as his adopted son and successor, in return for Henry doing homage to him; Stephen promised to listen to Henry's advice, but retained all his royal powers; Stephen's remaining son, William, would do homage to Henry and renounce his claim to the throne, in exchange for promises of the security of his lands; key royal castles would be held on Henry's behalf by guarantors, whilst Stephen would have access to Henry's castles; and the numerous foreign mercenaries would be demobilised and sent home. [62] In the process he had been able to maximise revenues and contain expenditures, resulting in a healthy surplus and a famously large treasury, but also increasing political tensions. [222] Stephen's middle son, Baldwin, and second daughter, Matilda, had died before 1147 and were buried at Holy Trinity Priory, Aldgate. [33] Nonetheless, relations between Henry, Matilda, and Geoffrey became increasingly strained towards the end of the King's life. The Beaumont Twins: The Roots and Branches of Power in the Twelfth Century. [228] Stephen's daughter Marie I, Countess of Boulogne, also survived her father; she had been placed in a convent by Stephen, but after his death she left and married. [134] When the news reached Stephen, he held a council to decide whether to give battle or to withdraw and gather additional soldiers: Stephen decided to fight, resulting in the Battle of Lincoln on 2 February 1141. [247], Stephen and his reign have been occasionally used in historical fiction. Le Patourel, John (1973) "What did not happen in Stephen's reign?". [199] The row between Henry and Bernard grew increasingly personal, and Henry used his authority as legate to appoint his nephew William of York to the post in 1144 only to find that, when Pope Innocent II died in 1145, Bernard was able to get the appointment rejected by Rome. [240] Stubbs' analysis, focusing on the disorder of the period, influenced his student John Round to coin the term "the Anarchy" to describe the period, a label that, whilst sometimes critiqued, continues to be used today. [161] Just before Christmas, the Empress left the castle unobserved, crossed the icy river on foot and made her escape to Wallingford. [100], Stephen's military campaign in England had progressed well, and historian David Crouch describes it as "a military achievement of the first rank". [100] The King took the opportunity of his military advantage to forge a peace agreement with Scotland. [121][nb 17], Having released the Empress, Stephen focused on pacifying the south-west of England. [157] Stephen began re-establishing his authority. The marriage made Henry the future ruler of a huge swathe of territory across France. The King tried to convince the Church to agree to crown Eustace to reinforce his claim; Pope Eugene III refused, and Stephen found himself in a sequence of increasingly bitter arguments with his senior clergy. [220], Stephen's decision to recognise Henry as his heir was, at the time, not necessarily a final solution to the civil war. [171] By this point, however, Stephen's practice of inviting barons to court and arresting them had brought him into some disrepute and increasing distrust. WebStephen Colletti (born February 7, 1986) is an American actor and television personality. [207] Theobald escaped again into temporary exile in Flanders, pursued to the coast by Stephen's knights, marking a low point in Stephen's relationship with the church. 187188. Henry vigorously re-established royal authority in the aftermath of the civil war, dismantling castles and increasing revenues, although several of these trends had begun under Stephen. [144] Archbishop Theobald of Canterbury was unwilling to declare Matilda queen so rapidly, however, and a delegation of clergy and nobles, headed by Theobald, travelled to see Stephen in Bristol and consult about their moral dilemma: should they abandon their oaths of fealty to the King? [191] Stephen marched rapidly north to York and the planned attack disintegrated, leaving Henry to return to Normandy, where he was declared duke by his father. [160] In September, he spotted an opportunity to seize the Empress Matilda herself in Oxford. [129] Robert of Gloucester's men retook some of the territory that Stephen had taken in his 1139 campaign. Kenji Yoshitake represents the current academic consensus when he notes that the impact of the arrests "was not serious", placing the beginning of the disintegration of the royal government at the subsequent battle of Lincoln. [168] He threatened to execute Geoffrey unless the Earl handed over his various castles, including the Tower of London, Saffron Walden and Pleshey, all important fortifications because they were in, or close to, London. It is particularly significant to Christians, as it belonged to Saint Stephen, an early disciple and deacon who, according to the Book of Acts, was stoned to death; he is widely regarded as the first martyr of the Christian Church. Ranulf of Chester revolted once again in the summer of 1144, splitting up Stephen's Honour of Lancaster between himself and Prince Henry. He was present at court during the King's visit to the Abbey of Saint-Evroul in 1113. [3][nb 3] Stephen's remaining older brother, Odo, died young, probably in his early teens. [107] With their new lands, the power of the Beamounts grew to the point where David Crouch suggests that it became "dangerous to be anything other than a friend of Waleran" at Stephen's court. [225] He began issuing royal writs for the south-west of England once again and travelled to York where he held a major court in an attempt to impress upon the northern barons that royal authority was being reasserted. As he stepped into a congressional elevator, Santos told reporters he would not resign unless 142 people told him to quit. (eds) (2001), Rielly, Edward J. [226], After Stephen's death, Henry II succeeded to the throne of England. The King was supported by Hugh of Amiens, Archbishop of Rouen, who challenged the bishops to show how canon law entitled them to build or hold castles. Biblical: Stephen was the first Christian martyr. Schmieder & O'Doherty (2015), pp. In 1153, the Empress's son Henry invaded England and built an alliance of powerful regional barons to support his claim for the throne. (1984) "The Anarchy of King Stephen's Reign". [169] With all of his other problems and with Hugh Bigod, 1st Earl of Norfolk, in open revolt in Norfolk, Stephen lacked the resources to track Geoffrey down in the Fens and made do with building a screen of castles between Ely and London, including Burwell Castle. He was freed only after his wife and William of Ypres, one of his military commanders, captured Robert at the Rout of Winchester, but the war dragged on for many years with neither side able to win an advantage. [38], Rumours about his father's cowardice during the First Crusade, however, continued to circulate, and a desire to avoid the same reputation may have influenced some of Stephen's rasher military actions. [110] Stephen responded by demanding that Roger and the other bishops surrender all of their castles in England. [1] She had a strong matriarchal influence on Stephen during his early years. With some distressing scenes Turn on Parental controls. 164165; Crouch (1998), p. 258. Carpenter, p. 173; Davis, p. 68; Crouch (2008b), p. 47. From *steg- (to enlace) + - (-nos, suffix forming an adjective or noun) from Proto-Indo-European *-ns (suffix forming a verbal adjective from a verb stem) . Writing Medieval Biography, 7501250: Essays in Honour of Professor Frank Barlow. [106] From 1138 onwards, Stephen gave them the earldoms of Worcester, Leicester, Hereford, Warwick and Pembroke, which especially when combined with the possessions of Stephen's new ally, Prince Henry, in Cumberland and Northumbria created a wide block of territory to act as a buffer zone between the troubled south-west, Chester, and the rest of the kingdom. Historians, Economists, and Economic History. 4647; Crouch (2002), p. 252. [212] Upon news of this, Stephen gathered up a large force and marched from Oxford, and the two sides confronted each other across the River Thames at Wallingford in July. [31], Henry attempted to build up a base of political support for Matilda in both England and Normandy, demanding that his court take oaths first in 1127, and then again in 1128 and 1131, to recognise Matilda as his immediate successor and recognise her descendants as the rightful rulers after her. [78] Events in England meant that Stephen was unable to travel to Normandy himself, so Waleran de Beaumont, appointed by Stephen as the lieutenant of Normandy, and Theobald led the efforts to defend the duchy. Stephen, also called Stephen Of Blois, (born c. 1097died Oct. 25, 1154, Dover, Kent, Eng. [13] Adela and Theobald allied themselves with Henry, and Stephen's mother decided to place him in Henry's court. But an appearance on The Late Show with Stephen Colbert on CBS represented more of a gamble. Following their 127-118 victory on the road against the Washington Wizards on Monday afternoon, Golden State Warriors head coach Steve Kerr compared Stephen Curry to Michael Jordan. Stephen and Matilda: the Civil War of 113953. From stephanos. [11], Stephen's early life was heavily influenced by his relationship with his uncle Henry I. Henry seized power in England following the death of his elder brother William Rufus. Robert of Gloucester had garrisoned the ports of Dover and Canterbury and some accounts suggest that they refused Stephen access when he first arrived. Begging Pardon and Favor: Ritual and Political Order in Early Medieval France. [128], At the start of 1140, Nigel, Bishop of Ely, whose castles Stephen had confiscated the previous year, rebelled against Stephen as well. 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